ab简介
ab是Apache提供的一款小巧的压力测试工具，用来测试服务能力很方便。
安装
下载Apache，地址：http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi#apache24，点击Files for Microsoft Windows链接，点击ApacheHaus链接，选择版本下载。
直接解压到具体目录，找到bin目录，将路径加到系统环境变量Path里即可使用ab命令。
使用
Usage: ab [options] [http://]hostname[:port]/path
Options are:
-n requests Number of requests to perform
-c concurrency Number of multiple requests to make at a time
-t timelimit Seconds to max. to spend on benchmarking
This implies -n 50000
-s timeout Seconds to max. wait for each response
Default is 30 seconds
-b windowsize Size of TCP send/receive buffer, in bytes
-B address Address to bind to when making outgoing connections
-p postfile File containing data to POST. Remember also to set -T
-u putfile File containing data to PUT. Remember also to set -T
-T content-type Content-type header to use for POST/PUT data, eg.
'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
Default is 'text/plain'
-v verbosity How much troubleshooting info to print
-w Print out results in HTML tables
-i Use HEAD instead of GET
-x attributes String to insert as table attributes
-y attributes String to insert as tr attributes
-z attributes String to insert as td or th attributes
-C attribute Add cookie, eg. 'Apache=1234'. (repeatable)
-H attribute Add Arbitrary header line, eg. 'Accept-Encoding: gzip'
Inserted after all normal header lines. (repeatable)
-A attribute Add Basic WWW Authentication, the attributes
are a colon separated username and password.
-P attribute Add Basic Proxy Authentication, the attributes
are a colon separated username and password.
-X proxy:port Proxyserver and port number to use
-V Print version number and exit
-k Use HTTP KeepAlive feature
-d Do not show percentiles served table.
-S Do not show confidence estimators and warnings.
-q Do not show progress when doing more than 150 requests
-l Accept variable document length (use this for dynamic pages)
-g filename Output collected data to gnuplot format file.
-e filename Output CSV file with percentages served
-r Don't exit on socket receive errors.
-m method Method name
-h Display usage information (this message)
常用参数说明：
-n 请求的总数，默认是1次。
-c 并发数，同一时间请求数。
-p 如果后面接的是文件，表示POST请求，文件中包含请求数据，根据数据格式，设置-T参数。
-T 设置请求头中的Content-type（针对POST/PUT），比如：application/x-www-form-urlencoded。默认是text/plain。
-w 将测试结果打印到HTML表格中。
结果解释：
Time taken for tests: 0.914 seconds 所有这些请求处理完成所花费的时间
Complete requests: 800 完成请求数
Failed requests: 0 失败请求数
Write errors: 0
Non-2xx responses: 800
Total transferred: 393600 bytes 网络总传输量
HTML transferred: 252000 bytes HTML内容传输量
Requests per second: 875.22 [#/sec] (mean) 吞吐量-每秒请求数
Time per request: 914.052 [ms] (mean) 服务器收到请求，响应页面要花费的时间
Time per request: 1.143 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) 并发的每个请求平均消耗时间
Transfer rate: 420.52 [Kbytes/sec] received 平均每秒网络上的流量，可以帮助排除是否存在网络流量过大导致响应时间延长的问题
网络上消耗的时间的分解：
Connection Times (ms)
min mean[+/-sd] median max
Connect: 0 1 0.5 1 3
Processing: 245 534 125.2 570 682
Waiting: 11 386 189.1 409 669
Total: 246 535 125.0 571 684
整个场景中所有请求的响应情况。在场景中每个请求都有一个响应时间
其中 50％ 的用户响应时间小于 571 毫秒
80 ％ 的用户响应时间小于 652 毫秒
最大的响应时间小于 684 毫秒
参考
ab - Apache HTTP server benchmarking tool - Apache HTTP Server